Mardi Gras, from the French words meaning "Fat Tuesday," combines
religious tradition with a carnival or festival to welcome spring.
In 1829, some young men returned to New Orleans, Louisiana, from a
visit to Paris. Carrying on a lively French custom, they dressed in
costumes and masks and paraded through the narrow streets of the
French Quarter of New Orleans. More people joined and followed them
until they caught the attention of the ladies of the town, who leaned
over their balconies and threw chocolates and kisses to them. From
that time on, masked walking parades became fashionable in New Orleans
in the springtime.
The festivals became more organized and elaborate. In 1857, a group
of people calling themselves "The Mystick Crewe of Comus" made their
way through the streets on floats pulled by horses. One float was
carrying the king of the Crewe on a throne and another carried a devil
sitting among flames made from paper and representing hell.
Later, a person of true royal blood found his way into the
festival. Alexis Alexandrovich Romanov, the brother of the heir to the
Russian throne, visited New York and fell in love with an American
actress named Lydia Thompson. He followed her to New Orleans, where
the Mardi Gras was being planned. When the planners discovered that a
royal person was attending the noisy festivities a float was added for
a new king, "Rex."
That year, 1872, set the pattern for the boisterous fashion in
which the Mardi Gras is celebrated today. Purple, green and gold
became the official holiday colors. The Grand Duke Alexis was
surprised and honored to sit on the float and play the role of Rex.
Alexis and Lydia probably never even met, but they began a tradition.
Rex and his queen are chosen each year to ride on the largest float.
They are masked and in costume. Those around the royalty, called
"maskers," toss "throw-outs" to the crowd in response to the
traditional cry, "Throw me something!" The "throw-outs" are large tin
coins, plastic beads and other trinkets.
The holiday had become a full carnival by the time Alexis
participated. The word "carnival" comes from the Latin and means "take
away the meat." It is a time of merry-making and intense fun because
"Fat Tuesday" is the last day that Catholics can eat meat before Lent.
"Ash Wednesday" officially marks the beginning of Lent, the forty-day
period of fasting before Easter. Lent comes from the Anglo-Saxon word
"lengten-tid" (a lengthening time).
Although Mardi Gras in New Orleans may be considered by some a
minor version of "carnival" in Brazil and other Latin countries,
Americans are no less enthusiastic in having a good time and enjoying
themselves to the fullest during the festivities!
It is a federal holiday in Alabama, Florida and in 8 counties of
Lousiana.